Musicology

Two algorithms
Two algo­rithms for the instan­ci­a­tion of struc­tures of musi­cal objects …
Microtonality
On elec­tron­ic instru­ments such as the Bol Processor, micro­tonal­i­ty is the mat­ter of "micro­ton­al tun­ing", here mean­ing the con­struc­tion of musi­cal scales out­side the con­ven­tion­al one(s) …
Just intonation: a general framework
A frame­work for con­struct­ing scales (tun­ing sys­tems) refer­ring to just into­na­tion in both clas­si­cal Indian and Western approach­es …
The two-vina experiment
A com­pre­hen­sive inter­pre­ta­tion of the exper­i­ment of the two vinas described in Chapter XXVIII.24 of the Natya Shastra …
Melodic types of Hindustan
A scan of Bose, N.D. Melodic Types of Hindustan. Jaico, Bombay 1960 …
A Mathematical Model of the Shruti-Swara-Grama-Murcchana-Jati System
A scan of Arnold, E.J. A Mathematical mod­el of the Shruti-Swara-Grama-Murcchana-Jati System …
A Mathematical Discussion of the Ancient Theory of Scales according to Natyashastra
Bernard Bel Note interne, Groupe Représentation et Traitement des Connaissances (CNRS), Marseille 1988. 👉 Cited on page The two-vina exper­i­ment
Raga intonation
This arti­cle demon­strates the the­o­ret­i­cal and prac­ti­cal con­struc­tion of micro­ton­al scales for the into­na­tion of North Indian ragas …
Creation of just-intonation scales
The pro­ce­dure for export­ing just-intonation scales from murcchana-s of Ma-grama …
A multicultural model of consonance
This page presents a the­o­ret­i­cal frame­work for tun­ing musi­cal scales, with a focus on just into­na­tion and its appli­ca­tion in …
Comparing temperaments
Images of tem­pered scales cre­at­ed by the Bol Processor This arti­cle demon­strates how the Bol Processor can apply dif­fer­ent his­tor­i­cal …
Polymetric structures
Polymetric expres­sions are the basic rep­re­sen­ta­tion mod­el for the tim­ing of musi­cal data in the Bol Processor …
Rationalizing musical time: syntactic and symbolic-numeric approaches
Symbolic-numerical approach­es lead to effi­cient and ele­gant solu­tions of con­straint sat­is­fac­tion prob­lems with respect to sym­bol­ic and phys­i­cal dura­tions, …
At the heart of Indian rhythms and their evolution
An inter­view with James Kippen by Antoine Bourgeau …
Au cœur des rythmes indiens
Entretien avec James Kippen, par Antoine Bourgeau …
Bach well-tempered tonal analysis
Tonal analy­sis of the com­plete set of pre­ludes and fugues by J.S. Bach in "The Well-tempered Clavier" …
The Well-tempered Clavier
The com­plete set of pre­ludes and fugues by J.S. Bach known as The Well-tempered Clavier, books II and II, inter­pret­ed with pre­sum­ably "opti­mal" tun­ing schemes …
Pattern grammars
Bol Processor gram­mars are char­ac­ter­i­sa­tions of sequen­tial events in terms of sub­string rep­e­ti­tions, homo­mor­phisms, etc. Parsing tech­niques, sto­chas­tic pro­duc­tion and recent devel­op­ments of BP gram­mars are briefly described …
Modelling music with grammars
A lin­guis­tic mod­el of tabla impro­vi­sa­tion and eval­u­a­tion derived from pat­tern lan­guages and for­mal gram­mars has been imple­ment­ed in the Bol Processor, a soft­ware sys­tem used in inter­ac­tive field­work with expert musi­cians …
Time-setting of sound-objects
This paper deals with the sched­ul­ing of “sound-objects”, here­by mean­ing pre­de­fined sequences of ele­men­tary tasks in a sound proces­sor, with each task mapped to a time-point …
The identification and modelling of a percussion ‘language’
James Kippen & Bernard Bel Computers and the Humanities (1989), 23, 3: 119-214 Abstract In exper­i­men­tal research into per­cus­sion ‘lan­guages', …
Bol Processor grammars
James Kippen & Bernard Bel In Mira Balaban, Otto Laske et Kemal Ebcioglu (eds.) Understanding Music with AI, American Association …
Modelling improvisatory and compositional processes
James Kippen & Bernard Bel In Denise Penrose & Ray Lauzanna (eds.) Languages of Design, 1 (1992). Elsevier Science Publishers, …
Can a computer help resolve the problem of ethnographic description?
James Kippen & Bernard Bel Anthropological Quarterly (1989), 62, 3: 131-144 Abstract A major prob­lem in ethno­graph­ic descrip­tion may be …
Migrating Musical Concepts - an overview of the Bol Processor
Bernard Bel Computer Music Journal (1998), Vol. 22, 2: 56-64 Abstract The Bol Processor is the out­come of a migra­to­ry …
Inférence de langages réguliers
Bernard Bel Journées Françaises de l'Apprentissage (1990), Lannion, France : 5-27 Résumé Cet exposé présente une méth­ode générale d'acquisition de …
Acquisition et représentation de connaissances en musique
Bernard Bel Knowledge acqui­si­tion and rep­re­sen­ta­tion in music Thèse de doc­tor­at en sci­ences. Université de droit, d'économie et des sci­ences …

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